A SOCIOPRAGMATICS ANALYSIS ON UTTERANCES OF EXPRESSING ANGER IN MOVIE MANUSCRIPTS

Arofiyah, Mufidah Kakandari (2009)

Abstract
This research is aimed: (1) to describe the linguistic form of expressing anger in movie manuscripts, (2) to explain the intentions of expressing anger in movie manuscripts, and (3) to explain the reasons of expressing anger in movie manuscripts. This research uses documentation and observation methods to get the data. The data are the anger expressions that have linguistic realization and uttered by common people in daily life situations. The data sources are Erin Brockovich and Just Like Heaven. To answer those problems, this research employs Sociopragmatic analysis, especially the form of anger expression by applying linguistic form theories, the intention of anger expression by employing Speech Act theory and the reason of anger expression by employing the SPEAKING theory of Hymes. The result of analysis shows that first; there are three forms of anger expression used in movie manuscripts. They are word, phrase, and sentence. Second, the intentions of anger expression are threatening, objecting/protesting, asserting, forbidding, refusing, commanding, warning, disagreeing, and responding to a threat. Third, the reasons of expressing anger are showing hostility, showing authority/power, showing defense, showing uncomfortability, showing disappointment, showing sadness, and showing jealousy.

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of Study
In society, there are many reasons for people to express their emotion
and they express it in different ways. It happens because of the various
interactions among others with the different needs and opinions. One of
emotions that cannot be avoided by people is anger. Misunderstanding,
displeasure ness, and conflicts are some of the reasons why people deal with
anger. They express it in different ways, by fighting, running amuck, or just
stay in mute. Besides, it shows in more verbal action, like giving sarcasm,
plotting, and etc.
In expressing anger, of course, people do not enough to say ‘I’m
angry’ at all. They may use many kinds of utterances that possible to express
their anger. For instance, someone may utters ‘what!’ the literal meaning of
the utterance is used to get one’s attention or showing disbelief or surprise, but
by using any considerations, it can be more than of it. The utterance will be
defined as expressing anger, if it is viewed from any factors, like who is the
speaker, with whom the speaker is talking to, the speech event, and the speech
situation. Other example is the way a teacher showing her anger to their
students at school is different from the way she is to her sons or daughters at
home.
The writer will try to give an example of expressing anger in a daily
life conversation:
One night, Mother is very tired because of her busy day. She wants to take
rest and have a deep sleep. Then, she closes her eyes and starts to sleep. She
has been asleep for several minutes when suddenly a noise from room upstairs
shocks n wakes her up. She comes to the room in hurry.
(It’s Kate’s room)
Mother : (knocking on the Kate ’s door roughly) ‘open the door, Kate!’
Kate : (shouting from inside and open it) Yes, Mom. I’m coming’
Mother : ‘Tell me, what do you mean with that noise?’
Kate : ‘I have just bought a new CD of my favorite band, n I play it.’
Mother : ‘and it sounds great, doesn’t it? So that you don’t realize that you’ve
extremely disturbed me with that noise, girl!’
Kate : ‘Oh, I’m sorry, Mom. I don’t know you’ve been home...’
Mother : ‘yeah it’s okay... just let me take a rest’
The example being boldfaced above indicates that by uttering ‘what do
you mean with that noise’ the mother expresses her anger, because her
daughter d isturbs her. This can be consider from the situation occurs in the
conversation, with whom the mother talking to so that the utterance can be
classified as expressing anger.
There are some factors that can influence the speaker in choosing the
way of conve ying message that in this case is expressing anger. The social
relationship of the participants, with whom the speaker is talking to, and
speech situation are several factors that influence the communication.
The writer finds the similar phenomena dealing with such anger
expression in movie manuscripts. In this scripts, she finds some conversations
in anger expression with its situational context and its social relationship
between the speaker that also describes who they are, where the conversation
takes place, when, in what situation, and what purposes are used.
That is why; the writer chooses the movie manuscripts as the research
data or data source, especially in “Erin Brockovich” and “Just like Heaven”
movie manuscripts. For instance this quotation below is a conversation taken
from “Just Like Heaven”
INT. DAVID’S DININGROOM-NIGHT
David continues questioning Elizabeth. Step by step and carefully. He
starts by introducing himself, but Elizabeth seems confused when she gets
her turn to introduce her name. She reads a name; ‘Elizabeth’ in a Mug on
the table, then she take it as her name. Unfortunately, David knows well
that she actually doesn’t know her own name but just reads a name in the
mug.
David
: “What do you do with the rest of your day?”
Elizabeth
: “Certainly a lot more than you. ” (sarcastic)
David
: “Let’s not stray from the point, Lizzie.”
Elizabeth
: (irritated) “Don’t call me Lizzie. I’m not in kindergarten.
My name is Elizabeth.”
David
: “You think. Let me ask you.”
In this conversation, Elizabeth’s utterance ‘Don’t call me Lizzie. I’m
not in kindergarten. My name is Elizabeth’ belongs to anger expression
viewed from some factors. She utters such utterance because she feels that
she’s being mocked by David and it causes her anger
This is all reasons why the topic is essential and interesting for the
writer to be studied. The phenomena above can be found in any interaction in
daily life at any communities. In this research, the writer chooses movies as
the source of the data because the writer finds this similar phenomena dealing
with such anger utterance in movie manuscripts. She finds some conversations
of anger with its situational context and its social relationship between the
speakers, that also describes who they are, where the conversation takes place,
when, in what situation, and what language varieties and purposes are used. It
is nearly as a reflection of the society life in which various kinds of speaking
communities is discussed in it.
Meanwhile, the analysis of the data is based on the Sociopragmatics
approach. Since, pragmatics is the study of language use, which is produced in
society and Sociopragmatics is the sociological interface of pragmatics.
Besides, the data sources are taken are taken from the movie manuscripts that
as the reflection of the society. Based on the reason above, the writer conducts
a research entitled:A SOCIOPRAGMATIC S ANALYSIS ON UTTERANCES OF EXPRESSING ANGER IN MOVIE MANUSCRIPTS.
B. Review of Previous Study
To prove the originality of this research, the writer presents some
previous researcher, who has conducted the different study on the
Sociopragmatics analysis and the utterances.
Andreanto (2004) has conducted a research entitled ‘A Sociopragmatics Analysis of Refusal Utterances in Movie Manuscripts”. In his research, he analyzed the data, which are content refusal utterances used in
movie manuscripts based on the types of the refusal, speech acts theory, and
the politeness strategy.
The second research is written by Tutik Winarsih (2006) entitled ‘A
Sociopragmatics Analysis of Apology and forgiveness Utterances in Cartoon
Movie Manuscripts”. In the research, she tried to clarify the types, meaning,
and the reason of apology and forgiveness utterances.
She finds some intentions such as condoling, regretting, accepting the
blame, and request forgiveness. Different illocution may result different
meaning and different reasons may result in different type of their category of
SPEAKING Elements.
While in this research, the writer wants to conduct another research
related to utterances analysis. Here the writer analyses utterances used to
express anger by using the similar approach, Sociopragmatics, and the data
source to the previous researcher. And she analyzes the form of anger
expression by employing the linguistics form theories, the meaning of anger
utterance by employing speech acts theory and the reason of the utterances by
employing ‘SPEAKING’ theory of Hymes.
C. Limitation of Study
The writer analyzes the utterances of expressing anger which have
linguistic realization and uttered by people in daily life situations in the drama
movie manuscripts, therefore, the writer will not analyzes the anger expression
which have no linguistics realizations. The analysis will be focused on the
linguistic forms, the intentions, and the reasons of the utterances of expressing
anger in Erin Brockovich and Just Like Heaven movie manuscripts.
D. Problem Statement
The research problems are formulated as follows:
1. What are the linguistic forms of the utterances of expressing anger used in
movie manuscripts?
2. What are the intentions of the utterances of expressing anger used in
movie manuscripts?
3. What are the reasons of speakers employing such utterances employing
such utterances?
E. Objective of the Study
Based on the problem statement above, the objectives of the research
are:
1. To describe the linguistic forms of the utterance of expressing anger
2. To explain the intentions of the anger utterances
3. To explain the reasons of the speakers use of the anger utterances.
F. Benefits of the Study
The writer hopes that this research brings some benefits:
1. Practical Benefits
a. This study will give more understanding to the reader that people may
utter anger in many ways.
b. This study will give more information to the reader about the
interpretation of speaker’s intention in uttering anger.
c. The readers can apply the knowledge of the study in their daily life.
2. Academicals Benefits
a. The readers will get more knowledge about utterances
b. Other researches can use this research as references in conducting
further research.
G. Organization of Research Paper
The organization of this research paper is presented here in order that
the readers are able to understand the content easier. They are as follows:
Chapter I is introduction. This chapter consists of background of the
study, review of previous research, research problem, objective of the study,
benefits of the study, research methods, and paper organization.
Chapter II is underlying theory. This chapter involves theories that are
useful for conducting the analysis of the data. They are the notion of
Sociopragmatics, the notion of anger, speech act theory, Hymes ‘speaking’
theory, and the linguistics forms.
Chapter III is research methods. This chapter is dealing with object
data, source of data, techniques of data collection, and method of data
analysis.
Chapter IV is data analysis. It concerns with the data analysis and
discussion of finding.
Chapter V is dealing with conclusions and suggestions.