A PRAGMATICS ANALYSIS OF INTERROGATIVE UTTERANCES IN PROPHET TRADITION OF BUKHORI

CAHYONO , ANDI TRI (2010)

Abstract
This research studies about interrogative utterances in Prophet Tradition of Bukhori. The data to be analyzed are interrogative utterances in the form of sentences. The writer takes the data from the Prophet Tradition of Bukhori especially in the Book of Oneness (Tawheed). There are two types of analysis: (1) The pattern of interrogative utterances, (2) The intention of interrogative sentence. In collecting the data, the writer uses documentation method by selecting the interrogative utterances which can be found in Prophet Tradition of Bukhori especially in the Book of Oneness (Tawheed). This research is aimed at describing the form and finding out the speaker’s intention of interrogative utterances. To achieve these objectives, he describes forms based on sentence categories and then he applies the speech act theory to justify the meaning. Having analyzed the data, the writer finds two patterns of interrogative utterances and the intention of interrogative utterances. The patterns of the interrogative utterances: (1) Yes-no question. The pattern of Yes-no question divided into three groups. They are simple sentence, complex sentence and compound-complex sentence. (2) Wh-question. The pattern of Wh-question divided into three groups. They are non-subject asking for C, asking for Adjunct and subject question. Related to the meaning, the he gets six kinds of meaning namely exclamating, advising, reminding, informing, admonishing and clarifying.

CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Actually, people use a language for everything they do. Even they do not say
anything, they had thought in their mind using a language. People can learn many things,
though the language in order to get the existence of life. People can interact each other
even to their God by using a language to send meaning or message with different
purposes such as to express feelings, imagine something, get someone to do something,
maintain good relationship with other, share information, promise, apologize, do
agreement , and do forbidden.
As everybody should know, the creation of all creatures in the world is to worship
Him alone as in the Holy Qur`an says: And I created not the Jinns and mankind except
that they should worship Me. The meaning of this Ayah (51:56) is that, Allah the
Exalted, The Blessed created the creatures so that they worship Him Alone without
partners. Those who obey Him will be rewarded with rewards, while those who disobey
Him will receive the worst punishment from Him.
In the real world of communication, one may ask other people not to do
something by either commanding directly or using more polite way (indirectly). On the
first way, it is not a great matter to the addressee to understand what the speaker’s
intention through the speaker’s utterance because the intended message is explicitly
stated. While on the indirect manner, the addressee needs to seriously interpret what was
being communicated by the speaker because the intention of the speech is implicitly
communicated.
For example,
1. Don’t leave me alone!
2. If you want to leave me alone?
The basic function of the above utterances is an order, as in (a) the speaker wants
the addressee not to left him alone. The intention of the speaker is directly stated while
the utterance as in (b) is not being used only as a question.
Hence, it is an indirect speech act.
The same kind of interrogative case can be found in the Al Hadist , the reports of
the Prophet's sayings and deeds. It is the second heritage of Prophet Muhammad Peace
be Upon Him after Al Qur’an to his followers. In the Hadist it can be found interrogative
utterance that can be analyzed, for instance The Prophet said: "I was shown the Hell-fire
and that the majority of its dwellers were women who were ungrateful." It was asked,
"Do they disbelieve in Allah?" (or are they ungrateful to Allah?) He replied, "They are
ungrateful to their husbands and are ungrateful for the favors and the good (charitable
deeds) done to them.
On this tradition, the Prophet tries to inform to people about the majority of hell’s
dwellers were women. Specifically, the next utterance explains that those women are
ungrateful to their husbands and are ungrateful for the favors and the good (charitable
deeds) done to them. The form of the interrogative is yes-no question. In that tradition,
the people asked the Prophet, Do the women disbelieve in Allah? , then such women are
ungrateful to their husbands and are ungrateful for the favors and the good (charitable
deeds) done to them.
Based on the example above, the writer is great interest in doing his research
dealing with identification of the form and meaning of the Interrogative utterances in
English translation of Hadist of Bukhori.
B. Review of the Related Research
To prove the original of this study, the writer presents the previous studies that
have conducted the different study on Pragmatic analysis and the utterance. The first
research is written by Rindang Bahtiar(2006) entitled, “A Pragmatics analysis on the
Directive Utterance in English Translation of Tradition of Bukhori”. He uses pragmatics
approach as the way to analysis while the purposes of this research are to describe the
form of directive utterances and intended message in Tradition. At the end of the
research some conclusions were drawn. First, the form of directive utterances consists of
three types of sentences, namely: imperative sentence, interrogative sentence and
declarative sentence. Second, the intention of request is the dominant in the directive
utterances in the English translation of tradition of Bukhori.
The second research is written by Nur Ridho Hartomo(2009), entitled, “A
Pragmatics Analysis of Prohibition Utterances in English Translation of “Bukhari”
Hadith. He uses Pragmatics analysis to analyze Prohibition utterance in the form of
phrase, clause, and sentence. At the end of the research she were drawn some
conclusions. They are the meanings of prohibition utterances are: warning, commanding,
suggesting, and threatening and the reasons of prohibition utterances are showing
intimacy and showing power.
While on this research, the writer analyzes the pattern of the interrogative
utterances and the intentions of the utterances. The writer hope that this research is not
been analyzed yet.
C. Problems Statement
The research problems of this research are formulated in the following questions:
1. What are the patterns of the interrogative utterances?
2. What are the intentions of the interrogative utterances?
D. Limitation of the Study
In conducting the research, the writer will focus on the English Al Hadist of
Bukhori in chapter Tawheed.
E. Objective of the Study
Formulating objectives of the study can be directly seen from the research problem.
Thus, the writer decides the objectives as follows:
1. To describe the patterns of the interrogative utterances.
2. To describe the intentions of the utterances.
F. Benefits of the Study
The writer hopes the study will give benefits as follow:
1. For the reader, it will increase the Islamic knowledge, because they will
understand the kinds of the interrogative utterance in the English Al Hadist of
Bukhori.
2. For the students, especially English department, it can be used to increase the
quality of their deeds, because these Prophet Hadist are also can guide us in the
way of our life.
G. Research Paper Organization
This research paper covers the following chapters. Chapter I deal with introduction. It
consists of background of study, review of the previous of the related research, research
problem, limitation of the study, objectives of the study, benefits of the study, and research
paper organization it self.
Chapter II deals with the underlying theory, the speech act and directives.
Chapter III deals with the research method, which consists of type of research, object of
research, data and data source, data coding, method of collecting data, and technique of data
analysis.
Chapter IV deals with data analysis, which includes data analysis and discussion of
finding and Chapter V is conclusion and suggestion.